Which of the following is a consequence of violating the ECOA?

Violating the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) can lead to significant legal ramifications for lending institutions. The ECOA is designed to ensure that all consumers have equal access to credit, regardless of their race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, or age, among other factors. When lenders fail to comply with these regulations, they may face legal penalties, which can encompass fines, lawsuits, and even restrictions on their ability to operate. This legal framework is crucial in promoting fair lending practices and safeguarding consumers from discrimination in the credit market.

The other options do not accurately reflect the consequences of violating the ECOA. Increased loan interest rates, mandatory training sessions for employees, and reductions in credit score requirements do not directly result from violations of this act, as these actions pertain to different operational or policy matters within lending institutions rather than direct legal consequences.